;

H

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

HARRIMAN ALASKA SERIES

VOLUME XIV

Monograph of the Shallow-water

Starfishes of the North Pacific Coast

from the Arctic Ocean to California

(WITH 110 PLATES)

BY

ADDISON EMERY VERRILL

Professor Emeritus of Yale University

PART 2. PLATES

i \ * ' v tff' "N.

f*&Sg^

hT\*^r\r<Q<Q

(PUBLICATION 2140)
CITY OF WASHINGTON

PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
1914

BALTIMORE, MI)., U. S. A.

Shallow-water Starfishes of the North Pacific
Coast from the Arctic Ocean to California

PLATES I-CX WITH EXPLANATIONS

53667

PLATE I.

FIG. i. Glyphaster anomalus (Fisher). Dorsal side; X 2.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 4- Alaska, Harriman Expe-
dition.

(4)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE I

1.2. GLYPHASTER ANOMALUS (Fisher')

PLATE II.

FIG. i. Mediaster cequalis Stimpson. Dorsal side; about natural size.
FIG. 2. Mediaster bairdii Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; about natural size.

(6)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE II

1. MEDIASTER A:QUALIS Stimpson

2. MEDIASTER BAIKDII Verrill. Type

PLATE III.

FIG. I. Mediaster csqualis Stimpson. Ventral side; about natural size.
FIG. 2. Mediaster bairdii Verrill. Type. Ventral side; about natural size.

(8)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE

1. MEDIASTER JEQUALIS Stimpson

2. MEDIASTER BAIRDII Verrill. Type

PLATE IV.

FIG. i. Ceramaster granularis (Retz.) Verrill. Dorsal side; about ^ natural

size. West Atlantic. Station 2506.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side; about % natural size.

do)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE IV

; ,1 ' '.

7/8

1,2. CERAMASTER GRANULARIS (Retz.)

RY

PLATE V.

FIG. I. Henricia leviuscula, var. spatulifera Verrill. Type. One of the

actinal inter radial areas, jaws, and proximal adambulacral

spines ; X 6. Monterey. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. Crossaster papposus (Linn.) M. & Trosch. An interradial area

and jaw; enlarged.
FIGS. 3, 4. Mediaster cequalis Stimpson. Portions of dorsal and actinal sides

of a ray ; X 6.
FIG. 5. The same. Portion of dorsal side of a ray with spinules removed,

showing plates and papular areas ; X &
FIG. 6. Ctenodiscus crispatus (Retz.) D. & Kor. Portion of an interradial

area, inferomarginal plates, and jaws; after Ludwig, from a

Bering Sea specimen ; X 4-
FIG. 7. The same. Front view of upper and under marginal plates ; X 5-

From the same.
FIGS. 8, 80. The same. One of the fasciolar spinules, side and profile views ;

X 120. From the same.

(12)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE V

aKrfifcj

X6

1. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA, var. SPATULIFERA Verrill.

2. CROSSASTER PAPPOSUS (Linn.)

3. 4, 5. MEDIASTER ^QUALIS Stimpson
6,7,8. CTENODISCUS CRISPATUS (Retz.)

XS

Type

f LIBRARY

PLATE VI.

FIG. I. Glyphaster anomalus (Fisher) Verrill. Actinal sidejX 1 ^- British
Columbia.

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side; X i%-

FIG. 3. Dermasterias imbricata (Grube) Perrier. A young specimen, six-
rayed. Dorsal side; X ^Yz-

FIG. 4. The same, adult. Details of ventral side ; P, P, pedicellarise ; X 2.

FIG. 5. The same specimen. Portion more enlarged. P, P, bivalved pedicel-
larias ; P', P', trivalved pedicellariae ; X 4-

(14)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE VI

-.

1,2. GLYPHASTER ANOMALUS (Fisher)

3. DERMASTERIAS IMBRICATA (Grube). A young six-rayed specimen

4, 5. The same, adult. Details of ventral side

PLATE VII.

FIG. i. Patiria tniniata (Brandt) Verrill. Dorsal side; about ^ natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side. Yale Mus.

(16)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE VII

1,2. PATIRIA MINIATA (Brandt)

PLATE VIII.

FIG. i. Crossaster papposus (Linn.) M. & Troschel. A young specimen, in

alcohol. Ventral side; X 1^4-
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side; X i%- Berg Bay. Yale Mus.

(18)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE VIM

1,2. CROSSASTER PAPPOSUS (Linn.)

PLATE IX.

FIG. i. Leptasterias coei Verrill. Type. In alcohol ; X 2^2. Alaska, Harri-

man Expedition. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. Solaster endeca (Linn.) Forbes. Young. Dorsal side; X i/^. Harri-

man Expedition.

FIG. 3. The same specimen. Ventral side; X i/^- Juneau, 20 fathoms.
FIG. 4. Crossaster papposus (Linn.) M. & Troschel. Details of dorsal side

of a young specimen in alcohol ; X 2 2 /3- Berg Bay, Harriman

Expedition. Yale Mus.

(20)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE IX

i. LEPTASTERIAS COEI Verrill. Type

2,3. SdLASTER ENDECA (Linn.)

4. CROSSASTER PAPPOSUS (Linn.)

\

7

PLATE X.

FIG. i. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Type. Actinal side; about % natural size.

British Columbia. No. 5136. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side ; about 2 /3 natural size.

(32)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE X

i, 2. SOLASTER STiMPSONi Verrill. Type. No. 5407, Yale Mus.

PLATE XL

FIG. i. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Cotype. Details of actinal
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side ; X i5^-

(24)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XI

i, 2. SOLASTER STiMPSONi Verrill. Cotype

PLATE XII.

FIG. I. Henricia tumida Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; X *% Yale Mus.

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side; X 1/4-

FIG. 3. Henricia tumida borealis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side ; about 7/10

natural size Dutch Harbor. Yale Mus.

FIG. 4. The same specimen. Actinal side; 7/10 natural size.
FIG. 5. Henricia leviuscula (Stimpson). Typical form. Dorsal side; %

natural size.
FIG. 6. Henricia leviuscula (Stimpson), var. dyscrita Fisher. Actinal side;

y$ natural size.

(26)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XII

s

'7i'>;

',-'
\'

7/10

^^BK^y^^t^:-;.^-..'/:::

1,2. HENRICIA TUMIDA Verrill. Type

3, 4. HENRICIA TUMIDA BOREALIS Verrill. Type

5. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA (Stimpson)

6. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA (Stimpson), var. DYSCRITA Fisher

PLATE XIII.

FIG. i. Henricia leviuscula (Stimpson). Details of dorsal side of the typical

form ; X i^4- Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side; with spines partly removed;

X i&. Yale Mus.

(28)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XIII

wSw

1,2. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA (Stimpson)

PLATE XIV.

FIG. I. Henricia leviuscula, var. spatulifera Verrill. Type. Details of ven-
tral side ; X 5- Monterey, Calif. Yale Mus., No. 2238.

(30)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XIV

J*

I. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA, var. SPATULIFERA Verrill. Type

PLATE XV.

FIG. i. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Type. Same specimen as on pi. x (No.

5407, Yale Mus.). Details of dorsal side of disk; X 3- Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Details of actinal side; O, mouth; t, peroral

spines ; X 3-

(32)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XV

1,2. Soi.. \STKK STIMPSONI Vcrrill. Type. No. 5407, Yale Mus.

PLATE XVI.

FIG. i. Leptasterias epichlora alaskensis, var. carinella Verrill. Young.

Dorsal side; natural size.

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side; natural size. Yale Mus.
FIG. 3. The same, var. siderea Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; about natural

size.

FIG. 4. The same specimen. Actinal side; about natural size. Yale Mus.
FIGS. 5-6. The same. Very young stages; much enlarged (X about 6). Yale

Mus.
FIG. 7. Leptasterias dispar Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; about natural

size. Yale Mus.
FIG. 8. Leptasterias aqualis (Stimpson), var. Ventral side; about natural

size.

(34)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XVI

i, 2. LEPTASTERIAS EPICHLORA ALASKENSIS, var. CARINELLA Verrill
3-6. The same, var. SIDEREA Verrill. Type

7. LEPTASTERIAS DISPAR Verrill. Type

8. LEPTASTERIAS ^QUALIS (Stimpson), var.

X} \

PLATE XVII.

FIG. I. Leptasterias coei Verrill. Type. In alcohol. Dorsal side; X

Berg Bay. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same. Cotype. Specimen with shorter rays from Berg Bay.

Actinal view ; X ^A- Yale Mus.

(36)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XVII

i, 2. LEPTASTERIAS COEI Verrill. Type. Berg Bay. Yale Mus.

6

PLATE XVIII.

FIG. I. Leptasterias aqualis (Stimpson). Typical form, from Monterey Bay.

Actinal side; X ^A-

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side; X ^Vz-
FIG. 3. Leptasterias leptalea Verrill. Type. Ventral side ; X i%- Sitka.

Yale Mus.
FIG. 4. Orthasterias merriami Verrill, sp. nov. Type. Dorsal side; about

natural size.
FIG. 5. The same specimen. Details. Actinal side; natural size. Juneau.

Univ. of Calif.

(38)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XVIII

1,2. LEPTASTERIAS ^EQUALIS (Stimpson)

3. LEPTASTERIAS LEPTALEA Verrill. Type

4, 5. ORTHASTERIAS MERRIAMI Verrill. Type

PLATE XIX.

FIG. i. Orthasterias merriami Verrill. Type. In alcohol. Actinal side ;

natural size. Glacier Bay.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side. Yale Mus.

(40)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XIX

1,2. ORTHASTERIAS MERRIAMI Verrill. Cotype

PLATE XX.

FIG. i. Evasterias acanthostoma Verrill. Type. Actinal side ; % natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Portion of dorsal side ; X I 3 A- Popof Is.,
Alaska. Professor Ritter. Univ. Calif.

(42)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XX

U . V* '* A,' "' -

^-:>.^^--v:;te

I, 2. EVASTERIAS ACANTHOSTOMA Verrill. Type

PLATE XXI.

FIG. i. Pisaster ochraceus (Brandt). Dorsal side; about ^2 natural size.
Fie. 2. The same. Actinal side; l /2 natural size.

(44)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXI

1,2. PISASTER OCHRACEUS (Brandt)

PLATE XXII.

FIG. i. Evasterias troschelii (Stimpson). Typical form, in alcohol. Actinal

side; Xi^.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side; X iH- Sitka. Yale Mus.

(46)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXII

1,2. EVASTERIAS TROSCHELII (StimpSOtl)

PLATE XXIII.

FIG. I. Orthasterias daivsoni Verrill. Type. Ventral side ; % natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side; 7/10 natural size. British Columbia,
Canadian Geol. Survey.

(48)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXIII

.. :
titft

MiP^W'
mK&

2 /3

T, 2. ORTHASTERIAS DAWSONI Verrill. Type

PLATE XXIV.

FIG. i. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Type. In alcohol. Actinal side of a

ray; X iH-
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side of a ray; X i^- Yale Mus. Same

specimen as pi. xix.
FIG. 3. Evasterias acanthostoma Verrill. Type. Part of a ray (dry), side

view ; about natural size. Univ. Calif.
FIG. 4. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Details of actinal side ; X i%-

Yakutat, Alaska. Yale Mus.

(50)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXIV

-

i, 2. ORTHASTERIAS COLUMBIANA Verrill. Tj-pe

3. EVASTERIAS ACANTHOSTOMA Verrill. Type

4. ORTHASTERIAS COLUMBIANA Verrill

PLATE XXV.

FIG. i. Evasterias troschelii. Type of Stimpson. Part of a ray, dorsal side ;

about 9/10 natural size.

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side. U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIGS. 3, 4. Ctenasterias cribraria (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson. Dorsal and

ventral sides ; about 9/10 natural size.
FIGS. 5, 6. Leptasterias cequalis (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson. Ventral side;

about 9/10 natural size. U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIGS. 7, 8. Leptasterias hexactis (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson. Ventral

side ; about 9/10 natural size. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(S*)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXV

1,2. EVASTERIAS TROscHELii (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson
3,4. CTENASTERIAS CRIBRARIA (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson
5,6. LEPTASTERIAS ^QUALIS (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson
7,8. LEPTASTERIAS HEXACTIS (Stimpson). Type of Stimpson

8

PLATE XXVI.

FIG. I. Evasterias troschelii Stimpson. Typical form from Sitka. Dorsal

side; about l /z natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Details of actinal side; X i23- Yakutat. Yale

Mus.

(54)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXVI

q&g'&fS R.S*

T. _'. F.VASTKRIAS TROSCHELTI (StimpSOll)

PLATE XXVII.

FIG. I. Asterias acervata Stimpson. Type. Dorsal side ; about % natural size.

U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side; about % natural size.

(56)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXVII

i. ASTERIAS ACEKVATA Stimpson. Type

PLATE XXVIII.

FIG. i. Leptasterias epichlora alaskensis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side;

natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Ventral side; natural size. Yale Mus.

(58)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXVIII

i, 2. LEPTASTERIAS EPICHLORA ALASKENSIS Verrill. Type

PLATE XXIX.

FIG. i. Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt) Stimpson. Actinal side; about

Yz natural size. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. Dermasterias imbricata (Grube) Perrier. Dorsal side; y$ natural

size. Yale Mus.

(60)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXIX

1. PYCNOPODIA HELIANTHOIDES (Brandt)

2. DERMASTERIAS IMBRICATA (Grube)

PLATE XXX.

FIG. i. Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt) Stimpson. Same specimen as pi.
xxix, fig. i. Details of dorsal side; X 2 l / 2 .

(62)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXX

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PYCNOPODIA HEI.IANTHOIDES (Brandt)

PLATE XXXI.

FIG. I. Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt). Young, in alcohol. Dorsal side;
X about 5.

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side. These figures show the inter-
budding of new rays, symmetrically to a median plane indicated
by the arrows; a, a, last- formed rays; b, b', previous or first pair
of interpolated rays, one on either side of a primary odd ray.

(6 4 )

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXI

b'

V

1,2. PYCNOPODIA HELIANTHOIDES (Brandt). Young, in alcohol

PLATE XXXII.

FIG. i. Pteraster tesselatus Ives. Ventral side of an alcoholic specimen;

about 24 natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side. Yale Mus.

(66)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXII

PTERASTER TESSELATUS Ives

PLATE XXXIII.

FIG. i. Luidiaster dawsoni (Verrill) Ludwig. Type. Dorsal side; about
natural size. Canadian Geol. Survey.

(68)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXIII

LUIDIASTER DAWSONI (Verrill) Ludwig. Type

TO

PLATE XXXIV.

FIG. i. The same specimen as pi. xxxin. Details of lower side of disk;
P, P, P, pectinate or fasciolated pedicellariae ; X about 6.

(70)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXIV

LUIDIASTER DAWSONI (Verrill) Ludwig. Type. Details

PLATE XXXV.

FIG. I. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Type. Same specimen as pi. xxiv,
fig. 4. Dorsal side; ^2 natural size. Yakutat. Yale Mus.

FIG. 2. Luidiaster dawsoni (Verrill) Ludwig. Type. Same specimen as pis.
xxxiii and xxxiv. About Y$ natural size. Geol. Surv. Canada.

(73)

E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXV

<**'--'

A^'fcS** ** ^ ^* \ ^ ^y!

"'

T ^m&^^

^^

1. ORTHASTERIAS COLUMBIANA Verrill. Cotype

2. LUIDIASTER DAWSONi (Verrill) Ludvvig. Type

PLATE XXXVI.

FIG. I. Pisaster paucispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson. Dorsal

view; about y$ natural size.

FIG. 2. The same. Actinal view; about ^ natural size. U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIG. 3. Pisaster capitatus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson. Dorsal

view ; 2 /3 natural size.
FIG. 4. The same specimen. Actinal view; ^ natural size.

(74)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXVI

1,2. PISASTER PAUCISPINUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson
3,4. PISASTER CAPITATUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson

PLATE XXXVII.

FIG. i. Pisaster giganteus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson. Dorsal

view ; about y$ natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal view. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(76)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXVII

&--'

^-> ,;

1,2. PISASTER GIGANTEUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type of Stimpson

II

PLATE XXXVIII.

FIG. I. Pisaster confertus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; about

YT. natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal view. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(78)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXVIII

1,2. PISASTER CONFERTUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type

PLATE XXXIX.

FIG. i. Pisaster fissispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; about

*/3 natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal view. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(80)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XXXIX

1,2. PISASTER FISSISPINUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type

PLATE XL.

FIG. i. Pisaster lutkenii (Stimpson) Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; about

natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal view. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(82)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XL

.

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$3&m

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r.,*-x

*;<

1,2. PISASTER LUTKENII (Stimpson) Verrill. Type

PLATE XLI.

FIG. i. Pisaster brevispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; about

$/(> natural size. U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal view; 5^ natural size.

(8 4 )

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLI

'1?I0&

4*r.m>

! "i*i

1,2. PISASTER BREVISPINUS (Stimpson) Verrill. Type

12

PLATE XLIL
Pisaster papulosus Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; about 7/10 natural size.

(86)

H. A. E. VOL. XlV

PLATE XLII

HEUOTYPE CO., BOSTON

PlSASTER PAPULOSUS VER. Type

PLATE XLIII.
Pisaster papulosus Verrill. Actinal side of type ; X

(88)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLIII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

PAPUI.OSI s VER. Type

PLATE XLIV.

FIG. i. Pisaster brevispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Dorsal view; about Yz

natural size. No. 1820, Mus. Comp. Zool.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal view of a part of the disk, including the

madreporic plate ; X 2%.

(90)

H. A. E. VOI . XIV

PLATE XLJV

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1.2. PlSASTER HRKVISI'IM S (ST.

PLATE XLV.

Pisaster brevispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Actinal side; X 2^. No. 1820, Mus.
Comp. Zoology.

(92)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLV

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

PlSASTER BREYISIMM'S (ST.) VER.

PLATE XLVI.

FIG. i. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Profile view of adambulacral, marginal,

and adjacent spines; a, a, adambulacral spines, actinal series;

a', a' , furrow series ; b, peractinals ; m, m, inferomarginals ; m' ',

supramarginals ; d, dorso-lateral spines and plates.
FIG. 10. The same specimen. A group of dorsal pseudopaxillae and papular

pores ; X about 9.
FIG. ib. The same specimen. Dorsal pseudopaxillae from base of ray, vertical

and side views; X 17-
FIG. ic. The same specimen. A dorsal, dermal, bivalve pedicellaria from

near the edge of a papular pore ; X 150.
FIG. 2. Solaster galaxides Verrill. Type. Profile view of actinal side ; a, a,

plates; X about 7. Lettering as in fig. i.
FIG. 20. The same. A group of dorsal pseudopaxillae from another specimen ;

X about 17. No. 1897, Mus. Comp. Zool.
FIG. 3. Solaster constellatus Verrill. Type. X about 7. Lettering as in

fig. i.
FIG. 4. The same specimen. A group of dorsal pseudopaxillae and papular

pores, seen from above ; X about 9.
FIG. 5. Solaster daivsoni Verrill. Type. Profile view of adambulacral and

inferomarginal plates and spines from middle part of a ray.

Lettering as in fig. I.
FIG. 50. The same specimen. A group of dorsal pseudopaxillae and papular

pores ; X 9-
FIG. 5&. The same. Dorsal pseudopaxillas from the type specimen, vertical

and side views ; X 17.

(94)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLVI

2

II!

* HYATT VERRILL DEL.

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i-ic. SOLASTER STIMPSONI VER. Details
2.2a. S. GALAXIUES VER. Details. Type
3.4. S. CONSTELLATUS VER. Details. Type
5>5b. S. DAWSONI VER. Details

PLATE XLVII.

FIG. I. Hippasteria phrygiana (Parel.) Agassiz. Photograph of under side
of an Atlantic specimen; enlarged.

(96)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLVII

HIPPASTERIA PHRYGIANA (Parel.) Agassiz photograph of under side of an

Atlantic specimen enlarged

PLATE XLVIII.

FIG. i. Hippasteria phrygiana (Parel.) Agassiz. Part of the dorsal surface

of a New England specimen (314) ; X 6.
FIG. 2. The same. One of the jaws and adoral plates; a, a', first and second

adambulacral plates ; ep, epioral spines ; pr, apical peroral spines ;

o, large valvular pedicellaria on first actinal interradial plate ;

X6.
FIG. 3. The same. Two inferomarginal plates (m") and adjacent interactinals ;

X6.
FIG. 4. The same. Central part of disk, showing dorsal " anal " or nephridial

pore ; X 6.
FIG. 5. The same. Three adambulacral plates and spines (o) and adjacent

interactinal plates, each bearing a large valvular pedicellaria ; X 6.
FIG. 6. Orthasterias tanneri Verrill. a, outer, and a', inner adambulacral

spines ; m', supramarginals, and m", inferomarginals ; o, one of the

large, acute major pedicellariae ; X 7- From off the Atlantic coast.

No. 5524. Yale Mus.

(98)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLVIII

A. H. VERRILL, FROM NATURE.

HELIOTVPE CO.

1-5. HIPPASTERIA PHRYGIANA (Parel.) Agassiz
6. ORTHASTERIAS TANNERI Verrill

PLATE XLIX.

FIG. I. Henricia sanguinolenta, var. pectinata Verrill. Type. From an

Atlantic specimen. Part of the dorsal surface ; X 14.

FIG. ia. The same specimen. Part of under surface and side of a ray ;
a, adambulacral spines; a', inner or groove-spine; p, p, per-
actinal row of pseudopaxillx ; m' ' , m', supramarginals ;
tn", m", inferomarginals ; b, b, papulae ; X H-

FIG. ib. The same. Profile view of one interambulacral and one per-
actinal group of spines ; X 14.

FIG. 2. Henricia sanguinolenta (Mull.) Bell. Young. Atlantic specimen.
Altered from Duncan and Sladen, X 5-

FIGS. 3-3?. Major or forficulate pedicellariae of Pisaster ochraceus, much
enlarged ; 3, profile view of one of the larger erect, unguicu-
late, lateral kind ; 30, 3&, interior surface of valves ; $c, 3<f,
two of the smaller forms ; $e, a small group of the small pedi-
cellate forms found on the margin of the adambulacral plates.

FIG. 4. Crossaster papposus (Linn.) M. & Tr. Part of the skeleton of a

ray, of an Arctic specimen, after Danielssen and Koren ;
a, a, adambulacral plates ; m', m', superomarginals ; m", m",
inferomarginals; c, connective ossicle; d, dorsal plates and
pseudopaxillae ; enlarged.

FIG. 5. Ctenodiscus crispatus (Retz.) D. & Kor. From an Atlantic speci-

men, after Miiller and Troschel. Under side of base of a
ray.

FIG. 50. The same. Part of the dorsal surface. X about 2.

FIG. 6. Hippasteria phrygiana. Part of disk, showing madreporic plate ;

X8.

(too)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XLIX

II

)!!" Ill

A. H. VERRILL, FROM NATURE.

HELIOTYPE CO.

I-T. HENRICIA SANGUINOLENTA, var. PECTINATA Verrill

2. HENRICIA SANGUINOLENTA (Mull.) Bell

3-3?. PISASTER OCHRACEUS (Brandt)

4. CROSSASTER PAPPOSUS (Linn.) M. & Tr.

S-Jia. CTENODISCUS CRISPATUS (Retz.") D. & Kor.

PLATE L.

FIG. I. Dermasterias imbricata (Grube) Perrier. a, c, pedicellarias, mostly

bivalved, from actinal side ; X 26.
FIG. ia. The same specimen, a-c, bivalved and trivalved pedicellariae from

the actinal side; X 26.
FIG. ib. The same specimen, a-f, four-valved and five-valved pedicellariae

from the dorsal side ; X 26.
FIG. 2. Ceramaster granularis (Retz.) Verrill. Plates of the dorsal side

covered with granules ; the central one bears a bivalved pedicel-

laria ; X 8.
FIG. 20. The same specimen, with the granules removed from two of the

plates ; X 8.

FIG. 3. Tosiaster arcticus Verrill. Type. A group of dorsal plates, par-
tially in profile; some of them (c, c) with the large granules

removed ; also showing papular pores ; X 8.
FIG. 30. The same specimen. A group of dorsal plates, some of them (c, c)

with the granules removed ; p, bivalved pedicellariae ; X 8.
FIG. 4. Hippasteria spinosa Verrill. Type, a', a' inner, and a, outer adam-

bulacral spines ; p, p', pedicellariae of actinal plates ; X 8.
FIG. 40. The same specimen. A group of dorsal plates and spines ; p, p,

pedicellariae; X 8.
FIG. 4&. The same specimen. One of the dorsal plates with a pedicellaria ;

X about 16.

FIG. 4C. The same. A dorsal pedicellaria of the broad form ; X about 16.
FIG. 5. Astropectcn calif ornicus Fisher. Actinal side ; a', a, inner, and

a, a, outer adambulacral spines ; m, m, inferomarginal plates ;

c, c, inferomarginal spines ; X 8.

FIG. 6. Astropecten siderealis Verrill. Actinal side; a, a, outer adambu-
lacral spines ; a', central spine of the adambulacral plate ; a",

furrow spines ; c, c, inferomarginal spines ; m, m, inferomarginal

plates; X 8.
FIG. 7. Stenasterias macropora Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side

of a ray, with the spines removed ; X 5-

(1021

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE L

A. HYATT VEBRILL DEL.

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i-ib. DERMASTERIAS IMBRICATA (GRUBE)

2.23. CERAMASTER GRANULARIS (M.)

3-3 a - TOSIASTER ARCTICUS VER.

4-40. HlPPASTERIA SPINOSA VER.

5- ASTROPECTEN CALIFORNICUS F. 6. A. SI1JERKALIS VER.

7- STENASTERIAS MACROPORA VER.

PLATE LI.

FIG. i. Asterias katherince Gray. Dorsal view of No. 1181, Mus. Comp. Zool. ;

2 /s natural size. Gulf of Georgia.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 3-

(104)

H. A. E. VOL. 'XIV

PLATE LI

1.2. ASTERIAS KATHERIXAE GRAY

PLATE LII.

Asterias kotherince Gray. Dorsal side of the same specimen shown on pi. u;
X 4-H- Gulf of Georgia. No. 1181, Mus. Comp. Zool.

(106)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE Lll

HELIOTVPE CO., BOSTON

ASTERIAS KAT1IKRI.VU. ( J R A "i

PLATE LIII.

FIG. I. Asterias victoriana Verrill. Type. Dorsal view ; 54 natural size.
FIG. 2. Pisaster confertus (Stimpson) Verrill. X about i l /%.

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE Lll

X7J

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. ASTERIAS VICTORIAN A VER. Tvpe

2. PlSASTER CONFERTUS (ST.)

PLATE LIV.

FIG. I. Asterias victoriana Verrill. Type. Actinal side ; X

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Side view of a ray ; X 2%. Vancouver I.

(no)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

LIV

neu'-TVPE CO.. BOSTON

1.2. A-STERIAS VICTORIAXA VER. Tvpe

PLATE LV.

FIG. I. Asterias polythela Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; about ^ natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Part of dorsal side ; X 2%. No. 5820.

(113)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LV

&wffi-y$

wa* fruS-i

HFIIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1.2. ARTERIAS I'OT.YTIIRI.A \'ER. T\'pe

PLATE LVI.

FIGS. 1,2. Leptasterias arctica (Murdoch) (?). Young. Actinal and dorsal

views of specimens from Bering Sea ; X 3- No. 16591, U. S.

Nat. Mus.
FIGS. 3, 30. Pisaster ochraceus, var. nodiferus Verrill. Dorsal and actinal

views; about % natural size (nodosus on plate incorrect).
FIG. 4. P. capitatus (Stimpson) Verrill. Dorsal side of two rays; about

2 /3 natural size.
FIG. 5. Leptasterias cegualis (Stimpson), var. compacta Verrill. Type.

Dorsal side ; X 2. Yale Mus.

(114)

H. A. E. VOL.

PLATE LVI

.

rv?i OSTON

1.2. .LEPTASTEKIAS ARCTICA (MuR.) Ym NG

. I'JSASTER OCIIR.ACELS NODOSl'S VER.

4. FlSASTKK CAH1TATUS (Si.)

5. LEPTASTERIAS AEqi'ALis COMPACTA VER.

PLATE LVII.

FIG. I. Parasterias albert ensis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; X
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X

(116)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LVII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1.2. PARASTERIAS ALBERTENSIS VKR. Type

16

PLATE LVIII.

FIG. I. Leptasterias epichlora, var. plena Verrill. Type. Dorsal view;

X T /4- Vancouver I.
FIG. 2. Asterias multiclava Verrill. Type. About % natural size.

(118)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LVIII

2

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. LKPTAS-I KKIAS mem OKA PLENA YKR. Tvpr

2. ASTK.RIAS MiM/nri.AVA VER. '1'vpr

PLATE LIX.

FIG. i. Asterias multiclava Verrill. Type. Actinal side; X 2^. Bering I.

No. 15841, U. S. Nat. Mus.
FIG. 2. Allasterias anomala Verrill. Type. Actinal side ; X 3%- Arctic

Alaska (L. iM. Turner, 1874). No. 3821, U. S. Nat. Mus.

(120)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LIX

I

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. AsTI RIAS MI LTK I.AVA \'l.K. Tvpe

2. ALLASTEKIAS ANOMALA \ r i:u. 'J'ype

PLATE LX.

FIG. i. Pisaster papulosus Verrill. Cotype. Side view of a ray, near base;

X about 3. Vancouver I.
FIG. 2. Allasterias anomala Verrill. Type. Dorsal view; X 3^6- St.

Michael's I., Arctic Alaska (L. M. Turner). No. 3821, U. S. Nat.

Mus.

(122)

M. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATt

HELIOTVPE CO.. BOSTON

1. PlSASl^ER PAPUI-OSrS VliR.

2. ALLASTERIAS ANOMALA VE.K.

PLATE LXI.
FIG. i. Asterias nanimensis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side ; about % natural

size. Vancouver I. Canadian Geol. Survey.
FIG. ia. The same specimen. Side view of a ray ; X 2j4.
FIG. ib. The same specimen. Actinal side of a ray; X 2.

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXI

, VK

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

I.lh. ASTERIAS MANIMEXSIS VER. Tvpe

PLATE LXII.

FIG. I. Evasterias troschelii, var. alveolata Verrill. Type. Side view of a

ray; X i%.
FIG. 2. Orthasterias forreri forcipulata Verrill. Type. Dorsal view of a ray ;

Xi%- Vancouver I.
FIG. 3. The same specimen. Actinal side of a ray; X i%-

(126)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXII

,

HEUOTYPE CO., BOSTON

I. KVASTKKIAS TKOSrlliT.M ALVEO1 \T \ \\--.K. Type

2.3. OKTIIASTKKIAS K.KUKKI roiu-ii'i'i-ATA \'KR. Type

PLATE LXIII.

FIG. I. Orthasterias biordinata Verrill. Type. About ^ natural size.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side; % natural size.

(128)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXIII

HE1.IOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1.2. ORTHASTKRIAS HIORDTXATA VKR. Type

PLATE LXIV.

FIG. i. Orthasterias leptolena Verrill. Type. Actinal side; about ^ natural

size. Canadian Geol. Survey.

FIG. 10. The same specimen. Dorsal side ; % natural size.
FIG. 2. The same. A young specimen. Actinal side ; 9/10 natural size.
FIG. 20. The same specimen. Dorsal side ; 9/10 natural size. One ray is lost.

(130)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXIV

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

( )KTHASTKKIAS J.Kl'TC >LIIN A Yki;. Tv]K'

PLATE LXV.

FIG. i. Orthasterias forreri (deLoriol) Verrill. Dorsal side; about $i nat-
ural size. No. 1823, Mus. Comp. Zoology.

FIG. 2. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Young. Dorsal side; about natural
size.

(132)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXV

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. ORTHASTERIAS FORRICKI (LoR.)

2. O. roi. r:\ir.i.\\.\ YKR. VOTM,

r8

PLATE LXVI.

FIG. i. Orthasterias forreri (Loriol) Verrill. Dorsal view of disk and base

of ray; P, major pedicellaria ; X 3%- No. 1823.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 3 2 /3- No. 1823, Mus. Comp. Zool.

(134)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXVI

HEUOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i.^. ORTIIASTKKIAS i ORKKRI (LoR.)

PLATE LXVII.

Orthasterias gonolena Verrill. Dorsal view; X i%- Off San Francisco. Yale
Mus.

(136)

A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXVII

CO., BOSTor.

ORTII AS n K i v- GONOI ENA '

PLATE LXVIII.

FIG. i. Orthasterias gonolena Verrill. Ventral view of the same specimen as

in pi. LXVII ; X 2^-
FIG. 2. Orthasterias calif arnica Verrill. Type. Actinal side; X 3/4-

(138)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXVIII

:

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. ORTHASTI.RIAS C;ONOLEN.\ YER.

2. (). r \r.iioK\H \ Yi R. Tvpe

PLATE LXIX.

FIG. i. Asterias multiclava Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side of a

ray ; X about 4*4
FIG. 2. Orthasterias gonolena Verrill. Portion of the actinal side of a ray;

X4-
FIG. 3. Pisaster brevispinus (Stimpson) Verrill. Portion of actinal side of a

ray ; X 3-
FIG. 4. Asterias victoriana Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side of a

ray ; X 2 2 / 3 .
FIG. 5. Allasterias anomala Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side of a

ray; X 5^i St. Michael, Alaska (L. M. Turner, 1874).

(140)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXIX

*; <

'

HELIOTYFE CO., BOSTON

1. ASTER i AS MUI.TIC-LAVA \'KR. Tvpc

2. ORTIIASTERIAS GONOI.EXA \ T ER.
3- PlSASTER BREVISPINUS (ST.)

4. ASTERIAS VICTORIANA VER.

5. Al.LASTERlAS ANOMA1.A Vr.R. Tvpe

PLATE LXX.

FIG. I. Urastcrias linckii (Miiller and Troschel) Verrill. Portion of the

actinal side of a ray of a North Atlantic specimen ; X 3-
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Portion of the dorsal side of a ray ; X 3-
FIG. 3. The same specimen. Madreporite with surrounding pedicellariae and

spines ; X 3-
FIG. 4. The same specimen. Nephridial pore or so-called " anal pore " and

surrounding pedicellariae ; X 3-
FIG. 5. Orthasterias californica Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side

of a ray ; X 4 3 A-
FIG. 6. Parasterias albertensis Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side of

a ray; X 5- British Columbia. Yale Mus.
FIG. 7. Orthasterias forreri (Loriol) Verrill. Type. Portion of the dorsal

side of a ray, showing the very large minor pedicellarise ; X 5%-
FIG. 8. Asterias polythela Verrill. Type. Portion of the dorsal side of a

ray ; X 4- Arctic America ; Steamer Corwin. No. 15820.
FIG. 9. Orthasterias forreri forcipulata Verrill. Type. Portion of the side of

a ray; X 2.

(142)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXX

2

MFLIOTVPE CO., BO

7-
8.

|. I':: VSTERIAS I.INVKII (M. A. TR.) ATLANTIC
OKTHASTI RIAS ( AI.l! OKXK A VKK. Tvpi'
l'\R \STI.RI \S AI.HKRTENSIS \'KR. 'I'\pc
()R-| IIASTKRIAS FOKR1.RI (LoR.)
Asil'KI AS I'OI.VTIIKI.A \ r ER. 'J'vnc

y. ORTHASTERIAS FORRKRI FORC -II-IM \ i \

PLATE LXXI.

FIG. I. Leptasterias arctica (Murdoch) Verrill. Dorsal side;Xi/^- No.

1428, Mus. Comp. Zool.
FIG. 2. L. arctica (Murdoch). Dorsal side; X i%. Same number. Both

from Alaska.

d44)

H. A. t. VOL. XIV

LXXI

x/l

X72

HELIOTVPE CO.. BOSTON

1.3. LKPTASTERIAS ARCTICA (MuR.)

PLATE LXXII.

FIG. i. Leptasterias arctica (Murdoch). Actinal side; X 4- Alaska.

No. 1428. Mus. Comp. Zool.
FIG. 2. Asterias polythela Verrill. Type. Actinal side ; X 3%. Arctic Alaska,

Steamer Corwin. No. 15820.

(146)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. LEHTASTERJAS ARCTICA (Mi'R.)

2. A.STERIAS POLYTIIF.I A YtfR. Type

PLATE LXXIII.

FIG. i. Pycnopodia helianthoides. Young, with sixteen rays, showing regular
normal mode of interpolation of new rays ; I, odd anterior primary
ray; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, successive pairs of interpolated rays; a, odd
posterior primary ray; b, b' and c, c' second and third pairs of
primary posterior rays ; X 2.

FIG. 2. Leptasterias inequalis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; a, ossicles, with
spines removed ; X 2.

(148)

. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXIII

'

"

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i \ HELIANTHOID1 ^ (I"?!!.! Yo\

L,I-VASTKJUA^ ;vK(^j-A! is \ T ER. Type

2O

PLATE LXXIV.

FIG. I. Pycnopodia helianthoides. Very young, with nine rays; i, odd
anterior primary ray; 2, 2', first pair of interpolated rays; 3,
small budding ray of second pair ; 3', position in which the mate
to No. 3 should appear, but no rudiment of it is visible externally ;
a, odd posterior primary ray; b, b r and c, c' , second and third
pairs of posterior primary rays ; X 3&&- From Dutch Harbor,
Alaska.

FIG. 2. The same. A somewhat larger specimen with ten rays, in normal
order ; X 3H- Lettering as in fig. i. From Kadiak.

FIG. 3. The same. A somewhat larger, abnormal, oblong young specimen
with eighteen rays, not all in regular order (see page 200) ; m,
madreporic plate of abnormal size; X 2%. Lettering of rays
as in fig. 2, with the addition of pairs 4 and 5 anteriorly, and
d, d' and e, e' posteriorly. The last two pairs are abnormal;
c is an abnormal budding ray. From Kadiak, Alaska.

FIG. 30. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 3- Lettering as in fig. 3.

FIG. 4. Stenasterias macropora Verrill. Type. Portion of the actinal side
with the spines removed ; X 3-

FIG. 5. Leptychaster padficus Fisher. Dorsal view; X about 2.

FIG. 6. Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt). Minor pedicellariae ; a, b, c,
side and profile views; X 165.

dso)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXIV

Vf*

X165

HEUIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1-33. PVCNOPODIA HELIANTHOIDES (BR.) YoL.NC.

4. STENASTERIAS MACRO PORA VER.

5. LEPTYCHASTER PACIKICUS FISHER

6. P. HELIANTHOIDES (BR.)

PLATE LXXV.

FIGS. i-id. Orthasterias merriami Verrill. Spines and pedicellarise from No.
1181; i, a, b, c, and ic, ordinary dorsal spines; la, a, b, c,
marginal spines; ic, adambulacral spines; ib, a stout dorsal
with a major pedicellaria attached; id, inf eromarginal ; X
14; No. 1181, Mus. Comp. Zool.

FIGS. 2-2b. Orthasterias dawsoni Verrill. Type. Spines and pedicellarise,
X20; 2, a, b, large valves of major pedicellarise; 20, dorsal
spines; a, with wreath of minor pedicellarise; b, c, pedicel-
lariae removed; 2b, adambulacral spines; a, b, from inner
row ; c, d, from outer row.

FIGS. 3~3c. Orthasterias koehleri (deLoriol) Verrill. Type. After de
Loriol; 3, part of dorsal side, about natural size; 30, four
dorsal ossicles and spines ; 3&, portion of actinal side, X
3^i a major pedicellaria; X 16.

(152)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

A HYATT VERRILL DEL.

x!6

I -id. ASTERIAS KATHERINAE GRAY

2-2b. O. DAWSONI VER. Type

3-3C. O. KOEHLER1 (LOR.)

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

PLATE LXXVI.

FIGS. i-ib. Pisaster brevispinus (Stimpson). Spines and pedicellarise of
No. 1301, Mus. Comp. Zool., Gulf of Georgia, X 8 ; a, b, c,
dorsal spines ; la, b, c, pedicelled clusters of adambulacral
pedicellariae, from inner edge and within the groove, consist-
ing of both major and minor kinds, of various sizes, attached
to a common pedicel; ib, tip of a sucker-foot with pedicellariae
attached.

FIGS. 2-2d. Pisaster papulosus Verrill. Type. 2, a, b, c, marginal spines;
2a, a-e, clusters of adambulacral or furrow pedicellariae
attached to a common pedicel and containing both sorts ; /, a
minor pedicellaria much enlarged ; 2b, a-d, minor pedicellariae
more enlarged ; 2C, a-d; and 2d, b-f, dorsal and lateral large
dermal major pedicellariae of several forms ; 2d, a, is an
adambulacral group.

dS4)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXVI

A. HYATT VE3RILL ;EI .

HELIOTVPF r.O., BOSTON

I-ll). PlSASTRR PAPULOSUS VER. VAK.

2-2 1!. P. PAPULOSUS VEK. Type

PLATE LXXVII.

FIGS. i-id. Orthasterias forreri (Loriol) Verrill. Spines and pedicellarise ;
i, a, dorsal spine with pedicellariae removed, X 8; i, b, lower
marginal ; c, upper marginal ; d, outer adambulacral ; e, inner
adambulacral spine ; X 17 ; f, g, h, some of the detached
minor pedicellariae; la, two of the minor pedicellarise grasping
a fiber of hemp from the tangles; ib, ic, dermal minor pedi-
cellariae from the dorsal side, Xi?; *d, a-f, dermal major
pedicellarise from dorsal and lateral areas.

FIG. 2. Orthasterias leptolena Verrill. Type. Major pedicellariae; a-d,

four varieties from the dorsal and lateral areas ; X !?

FIG. 3. Allasterias forficulosa Verrill. Minor pedicellariae ; a, with valves

united ; b, c, detached valves ; X 146.

FIG. 30. The same; a, b, c, detached valves of major pedicellariae; X 74-

(156)

HYATT VERRILL DEL.

HELIOTYPE CO.. BOSTON

i-id ORTHASTERIAS (STYLASTERIAS) FORRERI (Loi<.)

2. O. LEPTOLENA VER. Type

3-33. ALLASTERIAS ANOMALA VER. Type

21

PLATE LXXVIII.

FIG. i. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Cotype. A dorsal spine and minor
pedicellariae from the largest specimen from Victoria ; X 13-
Prov. Mus. British Columbia.

FIG. ia. The same. Type, a-i, large dermal major pedicellariae from the
dorsal and lateral areas; X H.

FIG. ib. The same. Type, a-d, minor pedicellariae ; X 48.

FIG. ic. The same. A pedicelled adambulacral major pedicellaria; X 17-

FIG. id. The same. Type, a-f, major pedicellariae from the dorsal and lateral
areas ; X 17-

FIG. le. The same. End views of two of the larger major pedicellariae; X 17-

FIG. 2. Allasterias rathbuni nortonensis Verrill. Adambulacral (a) ; per-
actinal (c) ; and inferomarginal (d, d) groups of spines; a', a',
inner or furrow-spines on alternate plates ; p, p, papulae and der-
mal pedicellariae ; p', p', adambulacral pedicellariae ; X 6.

FIG. 3. Allasterias anomala Verrill. Type. X 6. Lettering as in fig. 2.

FIG. 4. The same. Major pedicellariae (a) and detached valves (c-e) ;
X74-

(158)

H. A. E. VOL. XiV

PLATE LXXVIII

X74

A HYATT VERRILI DEL.

,. , . .

t-ie. OK-I -IIASTERI.NS i -.)!..! \ini.\.\.\ \ I:K. Cotype

2. Al.I.AS'l KK1AS KATIUJl'M M >UTs )\ KNSIS VfiR.

.5-^. A. ANOAJALA \"KK. Tvpe

PLATE LXXIX.

FIG. i. Asterias polythela Verrill. Type. Detached valves of minor pedicel-

lariae mounted in balsam ; a-d; X 88.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Spines and pedicellariae ; a, b, adambulacral

spines ; c, a marginal spine with pedicellariae removed ; X 10.
FIG. 20. The same specimen, a-d, larger and smaller dorsal spines ; X 16.
FIG. 3. Orthasterias columbiana Verrill. Largest specimen from Victoria.

Cotype. Spines, with pedicellariae and skin removed ; a, b, outer

adambulacrals ; c, inner one ; X 10.
FIG. 30. The same specimen. Spines cleaned of skin and pedicellarise except

d; a, b, dorsals; c, upper marginal; d, dorsal covered with a

sheath bearing pedicellariae near the tip; X 10.
FIG. 3&. The same specimen. Minor pedicellariae mounted in balsam ; c, d,

entire ; a, b, e, dislocated valves ; X 88.
FIG. 3c. The same specimen. Dermal major pedicellarise from the dorsal and

lateral areas ; X 16.

(160)

H. A. t. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXIX

A. HYATT VERRIU DEL.

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

[-23 ASTKKIAS roi.Yini:i.\ VKK. "I

3-30 ORTHASTJERIAS COLI MKI\\\ '<'} K.

PLATE LXXX.

FIG. I. Orthasterias forreri (de Loriol) Verrill. Minor pedicellarise,

a, b, c, d, mounted in balsam ; X 25.

FIGS, la, la'. The same specimen. Two large dorsal dermal major pedicel-
larise; X 10.

FIG. ib. The same specimen, a-d, four detached valves of minor pedi-

cellarise, mounted in balsam; X 45-

FIG. ic. The same specimen. A cleaned dorsal spine; X 5-

FIGS, id, le. The same. Dorsal plates; X 5- id, dorso-lateral with a spine;
le, carinal seen from inner side; c, connective ossicle; d, d',
facets for articulation of transverse connective ossicles.

FIG. 2. Orthasterias dawsoni Verrill. Type, a-f, disarticulated valves

of minor pedicellariae mounted in balsam; g, one entire;
X83.

FIGS. 3, 30. Orthasterias calif ornica Verrill. Type. Minor pedicellariae
mounted in balsam; 30, a, b, are entire; the rest, c, f, are
disarticulated valves ; X 83.

FIG. 4. Pisaster papulosus Verrill. Type. Major pedicellaria ; X 10.

(162)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXX

10

A HVATT VERRILI UEL.

HELIOTVPt CO., BOSTON

i-ie. ORTHASTERIAS FORRKRI (Lou.) Type

(). DAWSONI VER. Type
3-5.1. O. CALIFORNICA VER. Type
4 PISASTER PAHULOSIS \'ER. Type

PLATE LXXXI.

FIG. I. Distolasterias chelifera Verrill. Type. Dermal major pedicellariae ;
a, b, c, d, are elongate, strongly unguiculate forms ; e is a stouter
form, and not unguiculate ; X 28. No. 1346, Mus. Comp. Zool.

FIG. la. The same specimen. One of the dorsal spines bearing a wreath of
minor pedicellariae, P, P; X 8.

FIG. ib. The same specimen. Spines cleaned; a, marginal spine with pedicel-
lariae removed ; b, outer adambulacral ; c, inner adambulacral ;
e, f, adambulacral major pedicellarise; X 28.

FIG. 2. Orthasterias californica Verrill. Type, a, an inferomarginal spine,
cleaned; b, a dorsal spine with a wreath of minor pedicellarise;

XI2.

FIG. 20. The same specimen, a, outer ; b, inner adambulacral spine ; X 12.

FIG. 2b. The same specimen. Major pedicellarise; a, b, c, d, e, dorsal; f, g,
adambulacral ; h, i, actinal interradial ; X 12.

FIG. 3. Orthasterias dawsoni Verrill. Type. Dermal major pedicellarise ;
a, b, stout dorsal form ; c, d, e, more slender spatulate or platalei-
form sorts from the lateral area ; X 12.

FIG. 30. The same specimen. Spines; a, b, c, dorsal spines treated with
Javelle water to remove most of the pedicellariae ; X 12.

FIG. 3&. The same specimen. Inferomarginal spines ; a, b, a pair with pedicel-
lariae ; c, d, a smaller pair cleaned with Javelle water ; X 12.

(164)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXI

A. HYATT VERRIIL DEL.

HELIOTVPE CO., BOSTON

I-lb. DlSTOLASTERIAS CHELIFERA VER. Type

2-2b. OR niASTERiAS CALIFORNICA Vsr. Type
3-3h. O. DAWSONI VKR.Type

22

PLATE LXXXII.

FIG. i. Asterias victoriana Verrill. Type, a, b, adambulacral spines with

epispinal clusters, p, p, of pedicellariae of both sorts ; X 18.
FIG. 10. The same specimen. Dorsal spines; a, one of the larger, and b, one

of the smaller sorts ; P, minor pedicellariae ; X 18.
FIG. ib. The same specimen. An inferomarginal spine and minor pedicel-

' lariae ; X 18.

FIG. ic. The same specimen, a, b, two of the major pedicellarise ; X 25.
FIG. 2. Orthasterias biordinata Verrill. Type. Group of spines of the actinal

side; a', inner, and a, outer adambulacrals ; b, peractinals; c, d,

inferomarginals ; X S/^-

FIG. 20. The same specimen, a, dorsal spine ; b, adambulacral spine ; X 12.
FIG. 2&. The same specimen. Dorsal dermal major pedicellarise, front and

profile views ; X 12.
FIG. 3. Orthasterias gonolena Verrill. Spines cleaned with Javelle water;

a, b, outer adambulacrals ; c, marginal ; X 18. No. 1825, Mus.

Comp. Zool.
FIG. 30. The same specimen. A large denticulate dermal major pedicellaria

from the lateral or intermarginal area ; X 18.
FIG. 3&. The same specimen. Major pedicellaria from the outer adambulacral

spines ; X 18.
FIG. 4. The same specimen (No. 1825). Spines; a, one of the dorsal spines

with a basal wreath of minor pedicellariae; b, inferomarginal,

cleaned; c, d, outer adambulacrals; e, inner adambulacral; X 18.
FIG. 40. The same; a, b, c, major pedicellariae; details; X 18.

(166)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXII

HlLUjfYPE CO., BOSTON

J-1C. A.STKKIAS VICTORIANA VER. Type

2-2b. ORTHASTERIAS BIORDINATA VER. Type

3-36., 4., 43. O- GONOI-ENA \ r !,K.

PLATE LXXXIII.

FIG. I. Asterias katherince Gray. Spines with pedicellariae ; a, adoral adam-

bulacral; b, inner adambulacral ; c, d, outer adambulacral ; e, f,

peractinals; g, h, inf eromarginals ; X n.
FIG. 2. Leptasterias arctica (Murdoch). Spines and major pedicellariae; a,

adambulacral spine; b, c, adambulacral major pedicellariae; d,

axillary or interradial one ; e, unguiculate marginal one ; X 25.
FIG. 20. The same specimen. Finer spined variety. Portion of the dorsal

surface showing spines, c, d, d' ; papulae, a, a; minor pedicellariae,

f, f; papular pores, a'; X .
FIG. 3. Allasterias forficulosa Verrill. Type. Portion of the dorsal surface,

showing spines, c, d; papulae, a, a; papular pores, a'; dermal

major pedicellariae, e, e; circumspinal minor pedicellariae, f, f;

dermal minor pedicellariae, /' /'; X n. Japan. No. 1183. ,Mus.

Comp. Zool.
FIG. 30. The same specimen. Adambulacral spines, a, b, c, and attached

major pedicellariae, P, P; d, one of the same, detached; X 16.
FIG. 3&. The same specimen, a-e, marginal spines ; X 16.
FIG. 3C. The same specimen. Major pedicellariae; a, b, c, d, dorsal dermal;

e, marginal ; f, axillary ; X 25.

(168)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

LATE LX.XXIH

*. HYATT VERRIIL DEL.

HELIOTVPE CO., BOSTON

I. ASTERIAS KATHERINAE GRAY

^-2a. LEPTASTKKI \- ARCTICA (MuR.)
T,.y. ALI.ASTI.KJAS KORKICULOSA VKR. T

PLATE LXXXIV.

FIG. I. Allasterias forficulosa Verrill. Type. Minor pedicellariae mounted
in balsam ; a, b, c, entire ; d-h, detached valves ; X 88. Japan.
No. 1183, Mus. Comp. Zool.

FIG. 2. Asterias multiclava Verrill. Type. Minor pedicellariae in balsam ; a,
entire ; b-c, separated valves ; X 88.

FIG. 2a. The same specimen. Dermal dorsal major pedicellariae; a, b, sepa-
rated valves ; X 88.

FIG. 3. Asterias polythela Verrill. Type. Adambulacral spines and pedicel-
lariae; X 10.

FIG. 4. The same specimen. Spines with adhering pedicellariae ; a, b, c, dor-
sals; d, e, adambulacrals with major pedicellariae; X 16.

FIG. 5. Stenasterias macropora Verrill. Type, a-g, dorsal spines, mostly
from bases of rays ; X 16.

FIG. 50. The same specimen. Adambulacral spines, a-d; X 16.

FIG. 5&. The same specimen, a, adoral spine with pedicellariae; c, d, e, mar-
ginal spines, X 16 ; b, oral pedicellariae, X SO.

FIG. 50. The same. Group of ossicles of actinal side ; ad, adambulacrals ;
i, peractinals ; im, inferomarginals ; sm, supramarginals ; X 10.

FIG. $d. The same. Adoral adambulacral plates (ad), and spine with pedi-
cellariae (/>).

FIG. $e. The same. Adoral portion of the groove, with large pores of
sucker- feet; ad, adambulacral plates; o, oral spines; X 10.

FIG. 5/. Portion of groove and plates from middle of ray; a, a, ambulacral
plates and large pores; ad, adambulacral plates; i, peractinals;
Xio.

FIG. $g. The same. Segment of actinal side of a ray deprived of spines ; o, a,
ambulacral plates and large sucker pores (s) ; a, d, adambulacral
plates ; i, peractinals ; m, inferomarginal ; b, a remaining adambu-
lacral spine ; p, p, adambulacral pedicellariae ; r, r, papular pores ;
Xio.

FIG. 5&. The same. Dorsal side of ray, with spines removed; c, c, median or
carinal row of plates ; d, d, and d' d', right and left secondary
rows of plates ; e, e', second pair of secondary rows of plates ;
m, m', supermarginal rows ; single papular pores lie between the
plates in rows ; X 10.

FIG. 5. The same. Skeletal ossicles ; a, peractinal plate ; b, superomarginal ;
c, inferomarginal ; d, adambulacral ; e, superomarginal ; X 16.

(170)

H. A. E. VOL. XiV

PLATE LXXXIV

/& i A

4V; /j| , V

^ ' '; , - ;

'SV f >'' I

A. HYATT VERRIll OEL.

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

!. ALLASTERIAS KORFICI'I.OSA VKR. 'I'\pe

J-2&. ASTERIAS Ml LTICLAVA \'ER. 'I'^P' 1
3- 4. A. 1'OLYTHELA V'ER. T\ pe

5-51. STENASTERIAS MACROPORA YKK. Tvpe

PLATE LXXXV.

FIG. i. Leptasterias epichlora alaskensis Verrill. Type. Dorsal spines,
a, b, c, of different sorts ; X 28. Dutch Harbor.

FIG. la. The same specimen; a, inferomarginal spine; b, superomarginal ;
X28.

FIG. ib. The same specimen ; a, b, c, adambulacral spines ; d, peractinal ;
X28.

FIG. ic. The same specimen; a, b, c, large, erect, intermarginal major pedi-
cellariae ; X 28.

FIG. id. The same specimen ; marginal spines and pedicellariae ; a, supero-
marginal spines; b, c, d, e, inferomarginals ; p, p', major
pedicellariae; i, i', minor pedicellariae.

FIGS. 2-2e. The same. Young carried by parent, in different stages of growth ;
a, b, younger stages ; p, pedicel for attachment ; a, m, podia or
ambulacral feet ; X 28. In 2, the form is irregular, with few
podia; in 20, the form has become stellate, but with unequal
rays. Later stages are regularly stellate ; 2d is five-rayed ; the
others are six-rayed like the parent.

(172)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXV

,

^-,-v

..

A. HYATT VERHILL DEL

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

LEI>TASTERIAS EPICHLORA AI.ASKKXSIS VER. Tv]ic.

\M> V(>r\(, OF THE SAME

PLATE LXXXVI.

FIG. I. Bunodaster ritteri Verrill. Type. A group of dorsal parapaxillae
from the base of a ray ; X 10.

FIG. ia. The same specimen. A group of dorsal plates from the base of a ray,
with spines removed ; X 10.

FIG. 2. Dermasterias imbricata (Grube). Young. One of the interactinal
areas deprived of spines ; ad, adambulacral plates, o, jaw plates ;
im, inferomarginals ; p, p, first rows ; P', P', second rows of inter-
actinal plates ; i, i and 2, 2 and 3, 3, first three pairs of interac-
tinal plates ; u, u, odd or unpaired plates ; X 5-

FIG. 20. The same specimen; ad, adambulacral plates from near base of ray;
p, two rows of interactinal plates ; m, inferomarginals ; X 5-

FIG. 2&. The same specimen; o, o, jaw-plates; ad, adoral adambulacrals ; f,
rudimentary plates, perhaps superambulacral ; ib, interbrachial
septum ; X 5-

FIG. 2c. The same specimen. Supramarginal plates, from inner side; i, i and
2, 2, first and second interradial pairs ; X 5-

FIG. 3. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Type. One of the adambulacral combs of
spines.

FIG. 4. Pteraster tesselatus Ives. A jaw and adoral parts ; o, o, apical oral
spines ; o', o', lateral oral spines ; e, e, hyaline epioral spines ;
i, 2, 3, first three pairs of adambulacral combs ; X 5-

FIG. 40. The same specimen. Portion from near middle of radial area; am,
ambulacral groove; a-d, four combs of adambulacral spines;
m, m, actinomarginal spines ; I, latero-ventral surface ; X 5-

FIG 4&. The same specimen. Part of an interbrachial area, rendered trans-
lucent by varnish ; a, a, a, spinules of parapaxillae as seen through
the translucent skin ; m, actinomarginal spines ; ad, adambu-
lacrals ; X 5-

FIG. 4c. The same. One of the hyaline epioral spines ; X 10.

FIG. 5. Henricia sanguinolenta var. rudis Verrill. A group of dorsal pseudo-
paxillas from the base of a ray; X 16. Point Franklin. No. 7623.

FIG. 50. The same specimen, a-d, adambulacral spines ; X 16.

FIG. 6. Henricia tumida borealis Verrill. Type. A group of dorsal ossicles,
mostly with spinules removed from the base of a ray; X 10.

FIG. 60. The same specimen. Group of dorsal pseudopaxillse, with spinules
and papular pores ; X 10. Alaska, Harriman Expedition.

d74)

K. A. E. VOL.

PLATE LXXXVI

k. HYATT VERRIIL DEL.

HELIOTVPE CO BOSTON

I-I3. BtlNODASTER RITTERI VER. Type

2-2C. DERMASTERIAS IMBRICATA (GRUBE)

3- SOLASTER STIMPSONI VER. Type

4-40. PTERASTER TESSELATUS IVES

5-5.1. HENRICIA SANGUINOLENTA, VAR RITIMS VER.

6-6a. H. TUMIDA BOREALIS VER. Type

PLATE LXXXVII.

FIG. I. Henricia tumida Verrill. Type. Portion of dorsal surface;

Xio.

FIG. 10. The same specimen. Group of spines of actinal side; a', a',

adambulacrals ; b, b', peractinals ; c, c , inferomarginals ; X 10.

FIG. 2. Henricia leviuscula spiculifera (Clark). Group of pseudopaxillae

from the side of the base of a ray; X 10. Bering Sea.

FIG. 20. The same specimen. Group of dorsal ossicles with spines re-

moved; X 10.

FIG. 2b. The same specimen. Portion of actinal side ; a, a', adambulacral

plates and spines; a", furrow-spine; b, b, peractinal pseudo-
paxillae ; c, c, inferomarginals ; d, d, superomarginals ; X 10.

FIG. 3. Henricia arctica Verrill. Type. Cape Lisburne. Portion of

actinal side with spines partly removed; a, a, adambulacral
plates; b, b, peractinals; c, c, inferomarginals; d, d, supero-
marginals ; e, e, intermarginals ; X 5-

FIG. 30. The same specimen, a, a, two adambulacral plates and spines;

a', furrow-spine; b, peractinal.

FIG. 3&. The same specimen. Group of dorsal pseudopaxillae ; X 5-

FIG. y. The same specimen. Group of ossicles from base of ray ; X 5-

FIG. 4 Solaster endeca (Linn.) Forbes. Typical from Atlantic; a,b,c,

dorsal pseudopaxillae from base of ray; d, superomarginal ;
Xio.

FIGS 40, 4&. The same specimen. Inferomarginal plates; 40, adoral side;
4&, aboral side ; X 10.

FIG. 5. Solaster galaxides Verrill. Type. Portion of actinal side; a, a,

adambulacral spines, actinal group ; a', furrow-spines ;
b, b, b', peractinals ; c, c, inferomarginals.

FIG. 50. The same specimen. Group of dorsal pseudopaxillae and papular

pores from the base of a ray ; X 10.

FIG. 5&. The same specimen; a, adoral, and b, aboral sides of infero-

marginal plates ; c, superomarginal plate ; X 10.

FIG. sc. Solaster galaxides Verrill. Cotype. a, actinal group of adambu-

lacral spines ; a', furrow-spines ; b, peractinals. No. 1897,
Mus. Comp. Zool.

FIG. 6. Solaster dawsoni var. arctica Verrill. Type. Dorsal pseudo-

paxillae, a, b, c, from base of ray ; X 16.

FIG. 60. The same specimen ; inferomarginal plate ; X 16. From Point

Franklin.

(176)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXVII

la

.,.

' W Wb m

S rfl

->

Kit

*. HYATT VtRRILl DEL.

hELIOTVRE CC BOSTON

i-ia. HENRICIA TUMIDA VER. Type

2-2b. H. LEVIUSCULA SPICULIFERA (CLARK)

3-30. H. ARCTICA VER. Type

4"4b. SOLASTER ENUECA (L.)
5-5C. S. GALAXIDES VER. Type

6-6a. S. DAWSONI ARCTICUS VER. Type

PLATE LXXXVIII.

FIG. I. Henricia leviuscula var. inequalis Verrill. Type. Portion of the
actinal side of a ray ; a, a, enlarged adambulacral spines ; a', a',
longer adambulacral spines on inner angle of plate; b, inter-
actinals ; c, second row of interactinal pseudopaxillae ; d, infero-
marginal plates and spines; X io. No. 5183, Yale Mus.

FIG. 10. The same specimen. Group of dorsal pseudopaxillae and papulae from
base of a ray; X 10.

FIG. 2. Henricia leviuscula var. lunula Verrill. Type. Group of dorsal
ossicles from the base of a ray, cleaned ; X 5- British Columbia.
Yale Mus.

FIG. 20. The same specimen. Plates of the actinal side of the middle of a
ray, cleaned ; a, a, adambulacrals ; b, b, peractinals ; c, c, inf ero-
marginals; d, d, superomarginals ; e, e, latero-dorsals ; f, two
adambulacral spines ; X 5-

FIG. 2C. The same specimen. Plates of actinal side, more enlarged (X io).
Lettering as in fig. 20.

FGI. 2C. The same specimen ; a, adambulacral spines ; a', enlarged inner spine ;
a", furrow-spine ; b, peractinal spines ; X io.

FIG. 3. Henricia sanguinolenta (Miiller). Typical form from New England.
A jaw and adjacent parts; o, o, o' , apical or peroral spines;
o", o", lateral adoral spines; a', a", adambulacral spines of first
and second free plates ; d, d, exsert papulae ; X 5- Eastport, Me.
(coll., A. E. Verrill). Yale Mus., No. 5099.

FIG. 30. The same specimen. Spines from the actinal side near the base of a
ray ; a, a, adambulacral plates ; a', a", adambulacral spines ; a'",
furrow spine ; b, b', interactinal spines ; d, d, papulae ; X 5-

FIG. 4. Henricia sanguinolenta miliaris Verrill. Type. From a New Eng-
land specimen. A portion of the actinal surface of the middle of
a ray; X io. Lettering as in fig. $a, with addition of c, c, the
inferomarginal plates.

FIG. 40. The same specimen. Group of dorsal pseudopaxillae from near base
of a ray; X io. Eastport, Me. (coll., A. E. Verrill). Yale Mus.

FIG. 5. Henricia tumida borealis Verrill. Type. Portion of plates and spines
from the actinal side near the base of a ray ; X io. Lettering as
in figs. 30 and 4. Dutch Harbor, Alaska, Harriman Expedition.
Yale Mus.

FIG. 50. The same specimen, a, a, ambulacral spines ; a', a', larger spines on
edge of groove ; b, b, peractinal spines ; X io.

FIG. 5&. The same specimen. Adoral adambulacral plates and spines ; X io.
Lettering as in fig. 50.

FIG. 6. Orthasterias forreri forcipulata Verrill. Type. Larger dorsal,
dermal, major pedicellariae of three sorts; a, b, stout, erect
denticulate form; c, spatulate or plataleiform sort; d, lanceolate
form ; X 43-

FIG. 6a. The same specimen. Minor pedicellariae of different sizes, a-f; X 43-

FIG. 7. Pycnopodia helianthoides (Brandt). Spines; a, b, c, dorsals with
wreaths of minor pedicellariae; d, the same, cleaned of the pedi-
cellariae; f, an adambulacral spine with a pedicellaria (P)
attached to its base by a pedicel on the edge of the furrow ; g, an
adoral spine, cleaned ; X io.

FIG. 70. The same specimen. A group (b, &) of adambulacral overlapping
plates; a, a, adambulacral spines; p, p, major pedicellariae on
slender pedicels ; X io.

FIG. 76. The same specimen, a, b, c, three forms of small lanceolate major
pedicellariae ; X 84.

FIG. jc. The same specimen, a, b, c, three of the minor pedicellariae ; X 84.

FIG. jd. The same specimen. One of the jaws with apical or peroral spines
and pedicellariae ; X io.

(178)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXVIII

p

A. HYATT VERHll DEI

MtLIOTVPF CO., BOSTON

i-ia. HK.NKK-IA LK.\ n M ULA, V.\R.

2-2C. >i. LEVIUSCULA, VAR. I.l'Nfl.A Vl-'.R. T

3~3a. H. SANGUi.N'H.i, \'i A (MuLL.) Typical

4--(A. H. SANGL'INOLENTA MILIARIS \'EK. Type

5-t;b. II. TI-MIDA BORK.M.is ViiR. Type

6-6a. ORTIIASTERIAS roRRiiRi MiKiiri . VTA \ i '< 'l

7-?d. PVCNOPOIMA 1IF.I.1ANT IIOIDES (BR.)

PLATE LXXXIX.

FIG. i. Solaster endeca (Linn.) Forbes. Typical. Actinal side of a large

New England specimen; 4/9 natural size. Eastport, Me. Yale
Mus.

FIG. 2. Solaster galaxides Verrill. Type. 54 natural size. Vancouver Is.

O8o)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE LXXXIX

'^rvv;v;^^fe

-

"' .

*<4- ,

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. SOLASTER ENDECA (L.) ATLANTIC

2. S. GALAXIDES VSR. Type

2 4

PLATE XC.

FIG. i. Solaster dawsoni Verrill. Form with different rays; about natural

size. Vancouver I., Surv. Canada.
FIG. 2. Solaster constellatus Verrill. Type. About & natural size.

(182)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XC

- /. *

HtLIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. SOLASTKR DAWSONI VER.

2. SOLASTER CONSTELLATUS VEK.

PLATE XCI.

FIG. I. Solaster dawsoni Verrill. Form with fifteen rays. Actinal side ; about

natural size.
FIG. 2. Solaster dawsoni Verrill. Cotype. Actinal side; about l / 2 natural

size. Powell Is. Geol. Surv. Canada.

(184)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCI

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1.2. SOLASTER DAWSONI VER.

PLATE XCII.

FIG. i. Solaster dawsoni Verrill. Cotype. Same specimen as pi. xc, fig. 2.
Actinal side ; X &/$ Powell Is.

(186)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

SOLASTER DAWSONI VER. Cotvpe

PLATE XCIII.

FIG. i. Solaster constellatus Verrill. Type. Actinal side; X 5%- Puget
Sound. Mus. Univ. of Wash.

(188)

H. A. E. VOL. XlV

PLATE XCIII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

SOLASTER CONSTELLATUS VER. Type

PLATE XCIV.

FIG. i. Solaster constellatus Verrill. Type. Dorsal side ; X 3-
FIG. 2. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; X 4-

(190)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCIV

> ' V fe *'A ^

n

i& k\*$iefci&A

fe rji^ > V 1 *> 4- 7 *'.' x "l ;

|

< > A. v'* *>* - 1 wi f -JI- I '

^^>*- tf -yamMn^\

wdm:?y3mw>.'
Jp$yfe

HELIOTYFE CO., BOSTON

1. SOLASTKR CONS'I KI.I.ATliS V r ER. T\|ic

2. Soi.ASTER STIMI'SONI VER. Tvpe

PLATE XCV.

FIG. I. Solaster stimpsoni Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; X 1^4- No. 5407,
Yale Mus.

(192)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCV

I

*vX- -~\

'><?** A *- V

vl'
-x*

k

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

SOLASTER STIMPSONI VER. Type

PLATE XCVI.

FIGS, i, 2. Pteraster hebes Verrill. Type. Profile and dorsal views; i,
X about i^j ; 2, X 2. Departure Bay. Geol. Surv. Canada.

(194)

/O I .

PLATE XCVI

HELlOTVfE CO., U' ' :

1.2. PTKRASTKR HI-.IM \ i K 'I'\pi-

PLATE XCVII.

FIG. I. Pteraster tesselatus Ives. Actinal side of an alcoholic specimen

from Alaska ; about 54 natural size. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. Dermasterias imbricata (Grube), var. valvifera Verrill. Type.

Dorsal side, showing abundant pedicellariae ; X i/4- Yale

Mus.
FIGS. 20, 2b. The same specimen. Portions of disk ; X 5- 20, shows many

three-valved pedicellarias and some four-valved; fig. 2b,

shows also the madreporite.

(196)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE /.CVII

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i. PTERASTKK TESSKI. vn 1 ' l\c -

2-?b. DKRMASTERIAS I.MKUH AJ A >. \i \i ; IKI.KA \'KK. Typt

26

PLATE XCVIII.

FIG. I. Hippasteria spinosa Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; 5^ natural size.

Puget Sound. Univ. of Wash.
FIG. 2. Amphiaster insignis Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; X i%- La Paz,

Lower Calif. Yale Mus.

(198)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCVIII

HEIIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. HlI'PASTERIA Sl'IXdSA \'l.K. Tvpe

2. AMIMII ASTI.K INSK.MS \"ER. Tvpe

PLATE XCIX.

FIG. i. Tosiaster arcticus Verrill. Dorsal side; X

FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X i%- Bering Is. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(200)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE XCIX

'

'"XXI

I *

) *

fjLj*

.<: v c

- V.

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

I .2. ToslASTKR AKITICIS \'EK. Tvpe

PLATE C.

FIG. i. Astropecten calif ornicus Fisher; % natural size. San Francisco.
FIG. 2. Luidia foliolata (Grube). Dorsal side; *fc natural size. San Fran-
cisco.
FIG. 20. The same. Portion of a ray ; X 4J4.

(202)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE C

I. As'l KOIM CTKN TALIFORXKTS FlSIIER

2.2a. LnniA FOI,IOI.ATA GRI r.i;

PLATE CI.

FIG. I. Astropecten calif ornicus Fisher. Dorsal side ; X 3- San Francisco.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 2j/$.

(204)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE Cl

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

ASTROPECTEN CALIFORNICUS FlSlIKR

PLATE CII.

FIG. I. Astropecten calif ornicus Fisher. Young. Dorsal side; X^J^. Off

San Francisco. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Actinal side ; X 2^2.

(206)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CM

i-Vi***:**

HELIOTYFE CO., BOSTON

1.2. AsTIIol'Kl '] KN t'ALlFORMc t'S I'lSJIKK (Y<)r\(i)

PLATE CHI.

FIG. I. Luidia clathrata (Say). Dorsal side of ray; X 2^4. Bermuda.
FIG. 2. Luidia foliolata (Grube). Dorsal side; X 2j4. San Francisco.
Yale Mus.

(208)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE GUI

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

1. LUIDIA CLATHRATA

2. LUIDIA Kor.ioi. \ TA GKUIJK

PLATE CIV.

FIG. i. Bunodaster ritteri Verrill. Type. Actinal side; X 3 1 A- Off San

Francisco. Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. The same specimen. Dorsal side with spines removed on base of one

ray; X3 l /3-

(210)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CIV

x;,".

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

Ill-NODASTER RITTKKI Vl'.R. Type

PLATE CV.

FIGS, i, 10. Bunodaster ritteri Verrill. Type. Portions of the dorsal and

actinal surface ; X 5- San Francisco.
FIG. 2. Luidia foliolata (Grube). Same specimen as pi. c, fig. 2. Actinal

side ; X 2. Off San Francisco.

(212)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

HEIIOTVPE CO.. BOSTON

I.IZl. lil \<)I>.\SIKRRITTKII! Vl-'U.

LriDiA FOI.IOLATA ( Ii'.i i;>

28

PLATE CVI.

FIGS, i, 2. Evasterias troschelii (Stimpson) Verrill. Young. Dorsal and

actinal sides; X i/^- Sitka. Yale Mus.
FIG. 3. Asterias acervata Stimpson. A strongly acervate young specimen ;

X iH- Nazan, Alaska (Dall). U. S. Nat. , Mus.

(214)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CVI

H6LIOT/PE CO., BOSTON

1.2. E\.vSTKKlA> 1KOSCHELII (ST.) Yol'M.
.5. ASTERIAS AlT'.RVATA (ST.) ^'"1 N;,

PLATE CVII.

FIG. I. Mithrodia bradleyi Verrill. Type. Dorsal side ; $ natural size.

Yale Mus.
FIG. 2. Echinaster tenuispinus Verrill. Type. Dorsal side; ^ natural size.

La Paz. Yale Mus.
FIG. 3. Henricia leviuscula spiculifera Clark. Actinal side; X i^- Bering

Island. U. S. Nat. Mus.

(216)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CVII

.; -

'"' '*

HELIOTVPE CO., BOSTON

1. MlTHRODIA HKADLEVI \ r KR. Type

2. ECHINASTER TENrisrixrs \\:K. Type

3. HENRICIA LEVIUSCULA si-u i LU I;K \ K'I.ARK)

PLATE CVIII.

FIG. i. Patiria miniata (Brandt). A seven-rayed specimen. Dorsal side;

about */$ natural size. Departure Bay, Canada Geol. Survey.
FIG. 2. The same. A six-rayed specimen. Dorsal side; about 9/10 natural

size. Departure Bay, Canada Geol. Survey.

(218)

H. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CVIII

*: -.

|

m

HELIOTYPE CO., BOSTON

i. 2. PATIRIA MINIMA \"i R \'arieties

{ LIBRARYIao

PLATE CIX.
FIG. i. Orthasterias tanneri Verrill. Cotype. Actinal side of disk, to

show jaws and peroral spines; X

FIG. ia. The same specimen. Dorsal side of disk, showing spines and

pedicellariae ; X 2.

FIG. ib. The same specimen. Section of a ray, showing inner surface

of skeleton; cut through ambulacral plates and flattened
out ; a, a, ambulacral plates ; ad, ad, adambulacral plates ;
b, b, peractinal plates; m, m, inferomarginals ; m' ', m',
superomarginals ; d, d, dorso-lateral plates and transverse
connective ossicles; s, s, adambulacral spines; c, c, median
radial or carinal plates ; X 2%.

FIG. 2. O. columbiana Verrill. Type. Transverse section of a ray ;

a, a, ambulacral plates; ad, ad, adambulacrals ; b, b, per-
actinals; m, m, inferomarginals; m', m', superomarginals;
d, d, dorso-lateral plates and transverse ossicles ; c, carinals ;

X2.

FIGS. 20, 2b. The same specimen. Two parts of a transverse section of a
ray, split through the ambulacral plates and flattened out,
to show inner surface. Lettering as in fig. ib, except that
d, d; d' d'; d", d" show the three rows of dorso-lateral
plates ; X 2.

FIG. 3. Patiria miniata (Brandt). Central part of disk and madreporic

plate, with spinules removed ; X 2.

FIG. 4. Enoplopatiria siderea Verrill. Type. Dorsal view of middle

of a ray with spinules removed ; X 2.

(220)

M. A. E. VOL. XIV

PLATE CIX

/ ^

&* : W^*3&P
*tt< ;V

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' ^ > ***f

* *' ' / . wMB^ '

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i-ib. ORTHASTERIAS TANNERI VER. Cotype
2-2b. O. COLUMBIAN A VER. Type

3. PATIRIA MINIATA (BR.)

4. ENOPLOPATIRIA SIDEREA VER. Type

PLATE CX.
FIGS, i, 2. Distolasterias chelifera Verrill. Type. Ventral and dorsal views ;

(222)

H. A. E, VOL. XIV

PLATE CX

HELIOTYPE CO., .BOSTON

1-2. DlSTOLASTERIAS CHELTFERA VER. Type